Introduction
When it comes to protecting high-performance engines, especially in high-end vehicles, the role of engine oil cannot be overstated. One of the most critical aspects of engine oil is its viscosity (oil’s resistance to flow – its thickness), a factor that directly influences performance, efficiency, and engine longevity, particularly in the extreme driving conditions of the UAE.
Understanding Viscosity in Engine Oil
Viscosity refers to the oil’s thickness and flow characteristics at different temperatures. It is typically denoted by numbers such as 5W-30 or 10W-40. The first number, followed by a “W” (for winter), indicates how the oil flows at cold temperatures, while the second number reflects performance at higher engine temperatures. Viscosity is mostly measured in Centistokes (cSt).
Approximately 90% of engine wear occurs during cold starts. Because engine oil is thicker when cold, it’s essential to focus on this stage to ensure long-term engine health. Anytime the engine is switched off the oil flows back down to the oil pan chamber (sump). Upon start up there is a few seconds delay before the oil pressure builds up and circulates throughout the engine. This results in critical internal metal components briefly running with minimal lubrication.
In high-end vehicles, where precision-engineered engines operate at high speeds and tight tolerances, choosing the correct viscosity ensures consistent lubrication, reduced friction, and optimal thermal stability, reducing wear.
Why Viscosity Is Crucial in UAE Driving Conditions
The UAE’s hot desert climate, with summer temperatures regularly exceeding 45°C, places exceptional stress on engine components. In such heat, lower-viscosity oils can break down more quickly, losing their protective properties. Conversely, oils with a viscosity that’s too high may hinder cold starts, reduce fuel efficiency and accelerate engine wear.
Engines have a wide range of start-up temperatures, which even vary as the seasons change. With modern pressurized water-cooled engines, the blocks run at approximately the same temperature throughout the year. Upon engine warm up the oil is thicker and gradually thins out as the temperature increases. This inefficiency causes the engine to expend more energy working through engine oil that is too thick. This is the vast benefit of the multi-grade engine oil – an oil with the correct operating temperature viscosity and with the flexibility of different startup temperatures.
For performance cars, which often feature turbocharged or high-revving engines, using the manufacturer-recommended oil grade becomes even more critical. These engines generate more heat and pressure, requiring oil that maintains its protective film under extreme operating conditions.
Synthetic vs. Mineral Oils for Luxury Vehicles
Most premium engine and performance vehicle manufacturers recommend fully synthetic oils, which are engineered for superior high-temperature stability and longer service life. Synthetic oils maintain their viscosity better across temperature extremes, making them a reliable choice for driving in the UAE.
In addition, synthetic oils often contain additive packages that help clean engine internals, reduce deposits, and support smoother performance—key benefits for vehicles with advanced powertrains and high service expectations.
Common Viscosity Grades in the UAE Market
- 5W-30 and 5W-40: Popular for European vehicles such as BMW, Audi, and Mercedes-Benz. Offers a balance of cold start protection and high-temp stability.
- 0W-20 or 0W-30: Increasingly recommended for newer models from Japanese brands like Lexus and Infiniti, focusing on fuel economy and lower emissions.
- 10W-60: Often specified for sports cars and track-oriented models where extreme performance is expected.
Always refer to the owner’s manual, consult with a qualified technician or a reliable auto repair workshop to determine the correct oil viscosity for your specific model and driving habits.
The Impact of Wrong Oil Viscosity
Using an incorrect oil viscosity can lead to:
- Reduced engine efficiency and fuel economy.
- Premature wear of internal components.
- Difficulty during cold starts or excessive strain in high temperatures.
- Possible engine warning lights or diagnostic issues.
Especially for premium vehicles equipped with sensitive engine management systems, the wrong oil can interfere with performance and emission controls.
Preventive Measures to Reduce Engine Wear in the UAE:
- Use the correct oil grade: always use the manufacturer recommended oil viscosity e.g. 5w-30, 5w-40 etc. A lower ‘W’ rating ensures quicker oil circulation
- Use High-Quality Synthetic Oil: Fully synthetic oil maintain viscosity better across variable temperatures, flow faster on start-up and resist breakdown longer than their mineral based counterparts
- Warm up Gently: Let the engine run briefly (20 seconds) at idle, then drive gently, approximately below 2,000 rpm. The engine will warm up faster under light load. Excessive idling can cause inefficient combustion and form deposits
- Regular Oil Changes: Routine oil changes prevent contaminants from building up and the oil maintains its optimal lubricating properties.
Conclusion
In the UAE’s challenging climate, where supercars and luxury SUVs share the roads with daily commuters, engine oil viscosity is not just a technical detail—it’s a performance safeguard. Choosing the correct grade of oil, suited to both the vehicle and the environment, plays a significant role in maintaining smooth operation, power delivery, and long-term reliability.
About the Author
Manoj Dadlani is the General Manager at Advance Auto, a U.S. Certified ASE technician and a lifelong car enthusiast based in Dubai. With 30 years of experience, he is passionate about all things on four wheels and enjoys sharing his knowledge to help drivers in Dubai navigate the thrilling world of car repair and maintenance with confidence.
